Why study an Indian language?
For the Indian peoples, tribal languages are important for keeping
a strong sense of self-worth, community identity and for keeping
their culture strong. For Native
American students, knowing their tribal
language well improves their self-confidence and helps (rather
than hinders) the learning of non-Indian languages. For people who
do not speak Indian languages, learning an Indian language is not
necessary just to speak to Indian people. To some degree, most speak
the dominant non-Indian language of the country they are now apart
of, such as English in the United States, English and/or French
in Canada, or Spanish in Mexico and Latin America. However, learning
an Indian language remains important for gaining a deeper understanding
and respect for Native
American culture and heritage (especially the ceremonies, songs,
and stories) and for sharing that respect with the Indian people.
It is important to note that a few Native
American tribes do not wish to share their language with outsiders,
as they regard their language and certain cultural features as private
tribal property only. The ideal setting is the Indian home or tribal
community setting where elders still talk with the children. Listening
and speaking with fluent speakers is the best way to learn a Native
language.
When first meeting fluent speakers just learn to relax!
It is possible that they may frequently use their language in your
presence, but they are doing this because they enjoy their language
and are proud of it. Forget the crazy idea that that they are just
talking about you; Chances are that they really have much more important
things to do!
When conversing with them in English (or other European language)
be aware that they might have difficulty in translating your speech
so please have patience! Also, it may be necessary to avoid idioms
and complicated words and to converse slowly and clearly with pauses
between sentences. (And unless people have hearing problems, speaking
loudly will not help!)
Other options for learning include language CDs (and other materials),
online resources, smart phone apps or classes which are now available
for some Indian languages. Because CDs are bilingual, most CDs for
languages within the U.S. and Canada are designed for English speakers
and for tribes in most other countries of the Americas, most are
designed for Spanish speakers. The material presented and the teaching
methods used will vary from author to author, so carefully select
the sets you like best, if a choice is available for the language
you are studying. In addition, a number of schools and colleges
today also offer Indian language courses, especially for the Indian
languages in their local areas.
Whether through private study or through a class, learning an
Indian language requires lots of study, practice, and commitment.
Because these patterns are generally different from those found
in European languages, a sentence must have its words rearranged
to match the pattern of the desired Indian language before it can
be translated.
Start with short sentences. By using either a CD or teacher,
start memorizing short sentences using the different word patterns.
Then try variations. In each sentence, substitute one new word at
a time. Drill constantly and pay close attention in an effort to:
start thinking in the Native language, build up your Native language
vocabulary, compare and learn the word patterns, and gain familiarity
with the verbs. Also try recording your own sentences for more drill
practice.
The written form of most Native languages is still quite new.
Most have only been written for just 100-200 years. So, as yet,
standardized spellings for words have generally not been agreed
upon by all speakers. Keep this point in mind when using written
materials.
Native languages in active everyday use have a number of words
of recent origin, like words for airplane and television.
Generally, these words are compound words that have been made by
stringing together two or more older words to identify the new thing
or idea. The new words keep the language adapted to the modern Indian
life.
Progress may be slow, but your efforts will be rewarded. After
several years of hard work, you will become a fluent speaker! It
took the missionary Eugene Buechel about 10 years to become fluent
in the Lakota language. While a young man in the early 1900s, he
spent as much time as possible among Lakota speakers in South Dakota.
At the time, use of Lakota was common on the street,
but he had few teaching aids available other than what he made for
himself. Eventually, he compiled a Lakota-Sioux Dictionary. It was
first published after his death in 1970.
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