|
June
19, 1541:
|
Today, de Doto's expedition meets the CASQUI Indians near
modern day Helena, Arkansas. There has been a drought in the
area, and the padres offer to help. A large cross is erected
and the Spaniards join in prayer. Soon it starts to rain.
The CASQUIs will become allies of the Spanish.
|
|
|
June
20, 1780:
|
British
Captain Henry Bird commands a force of 1000 men, of which
850 are Indians. Today, they attack Ruddle's Station, Kentucky.
Three hundred settlers have taken refuge in the station. Bird's
forces have a cannon, and the settlers soon realize they are
outmatched. They agree to surrender. When they settlers open
the gate, the warriors rush in and start killing them. Before
Bird could intercede, over 200 people will be killed. This
will be called the "Ruddle's Station Massacre."
Nearby Martin's Station would also surrender. The occupants
would fare better. All of the survivors would be taken to
Detroit as prisoners.
|
|
|
June
21, 1856:
|
Today
the non-hostile indians along the lower Rogue River, and at
Fort Orford, in southwestern Oregon, are put on a boat to
be moved to a new reservation between the Pacific Ocean, and
the Wallamet River. It will be called the Grande Ronde Reservation.
|
|
 |
 |
 |
|
Elias
Boudinot
|
Major
Ridge
|
John
Ridge
|
|
|
June
22, 1839:
|
Elias
Boudinot, first editor of the Cherokee Phoenix, Chief Major
Ridge (Kahnungdaclageh) and his son, John Ridge (Skahtlelohskee)
are members of the CHEROKEE "Treaty Party". They
have generated many enemies by their stand agreeing to the
removal of the CHEROKEEs from their lands east of the Mississippi
river. They signed the peace treaty which gave away CHEROKEE
lands east of the Mississippi River. They moved to Indian
Territory (Oklahoma) with the rest of the CHEROKEE Nation.
Today, early in the morning, John Ridge will be dragged from
his bed, and stabbed to death. Chief Major Ridge will be shot
and killed at 10:00 am in another part of the reservation.
Later that day, Elias Boudinot will also be stabbed and hacked
to death. These murders were committed by CHEROKEEs for what
they felt was their treasonous betrayal of the nation. A CHEROKEE
law, which Chief Ridge helped to make, gave the death penalty
to any CHEROKEE which sold or gave away CHEROKEE lands without
the majority of the tribe's permission. These deaths were
considered the execution of that law. Chief Stand Watie, brother
to Elias, and nephew to Major Ridge, managed to avoid the
warriors who planned to kill him today.
|
|
|
June
23, 1704:
|
James
Moore, former Governor of South Carolina, is leading a force
of 50 British, and 1,000 CREEKs against Spanish settlements.
Today, they will attack the APALACHEE Mission of San Pedro
y San Pable at Patale, in north-western Florida. They will
take many Indians as slaves and kill Father Manuel de Mendoza.
The mission will be destroyed tomorrow.
|
|
|
June
24, 1832:
|
Reverend
Samuel Worcester has been arrested, and convicted of living,
and working, among the CHEROKEEs with have a state permit,
or having sworn an oath of allegiance to the state of Georgia.
Today the Supreme Court rules that the state of Georgia has
unfairly tried to exercise control over the CHEROKEEs contrary
to federal law, and treaties. The court will strike down most
of the anti-Indian laws passed by Georgia, including those
seizing their lands, and nullifying tribal laws. Before the
trail, President Andrew Jackson officially stated that he
has no intention of supporting the CHEROKEEs over the state
of Georgia. Speaking to the court's decision today, Jackson
would be quoted as saying, "John Marshall has rendered
his decision; now let him enforce it." Jackson would
ignore the Supreme Court ruling, and continue in his efforts
to move the CHEROKEEs out of the south, and into the Indian
Territory.
|
|
|
|
|
June
25, 1876:
|
Col.George
Custer will be commanding Troops C,E,F,I, and L; Major Marcus
Reno will have troops A,G, and M. Captain Frederick Benteen
will lead Troops H,D, and K. Captain Thomas McDougall will
guard the supply wagons with Troop B. The following soldiers
will receive Congressional Medals of Honor for actions during
this battle today and tomorrow: Private Neil Bancroft, Company
A; Pvt. Abram B.Brant, Co. D; Pvt. Thomas J.Callen, Co. B;
Sgt. Benjamin C.Criswell, Co. B; Corporal Charles Cunningham,
Co. B; Pvt. Frederick Deetline, Co. D; Sgt. George Geiger,
Co. H; Pvt. Theodore Goldin, Troop G; Pvt. David W.Harris,
Co. A; Pvt. William M.Harris, Co. D; Pvt. Henry Holden, Co.
D; Sgt. Rufus D.Hutchinson, Co. B; Blacksmith Henry Mechlin,
Co. H; Sgt. Thomas Murray, Co. B; Pvt. James Pym, Co. B; Sgt.
Stanislaus Roy, Co. A; Pvt. George Scott, Co. D; Pvt. Thomas
Stivers, Co. D; Pvt. Peter Thompson, Co. C; Pvt. Frank Tolan,
Co. D; Saddler Otto Voit, Co. H; Sgt. Charles Welch, Co. D;
Pvt. Charles Windolph, Co. H.
|
|
|
June
26, 1827:
|
After
hearing of the false rumor of the release of 2 WINNEBAGO murder
suspects to the CHIPPEWAs by whites, WINNEBAGO Chief Red Bird
is ordered to fight by the tribal elders. He will attack several
families today in Wisconsin near Prairie du Chien. After a
few other attacks in the following days on settlers, and river
boats on the Mississippi, the Americans order his surrender,
else they will destroy the entire tribe. Red Bird will surrender
on September 27, 1827.
|
|
|
June
27, 1879:
|
The
Drifting Goose Reserve will be created out of townsites number
119, 120, and 121 north, of range 63 west in the Dakota Territory
today. It is created for the "MAG-A-BO-DAS or DRIFTING
GOOSE Band of the YANKTONAIS SIOUX Indians."
|
|
|
Iroquois longhouse
|
|
June
28, 1719:
|
Today
a peace conference will be held in Conestoga, Pennsylvania.
Colonel John French, representing Pennsylvania, met with the
"Kings" of the local tribes: Winninchack-CANAWAGE,
civility and "Queen" Canatowa-CONESTOGA, Wightomina-DELAWARE,
and Sevana-SHAWNEE. The subject of the conference was fighting
among the tribes. Although all involved promised to end their
warfare, the fighting would continue. Much of the fighting
in the area is blames on IROQUOIS war parties.
|
|
|
June
29, 1704:
|
The
same force of 50 South Carolinians and 1,000 CREEKs which
attacked the Mission of San Pedro y San Pable in Patale on
June 23rd, attack the Spanish San Damian de Cupahica Mission,
near modern day Tallahassee, Florida, today. The mission will
be destroyed. Many of the local Indians will be taken as slaves.
|
|
|
June
30, 1802:
|
A
treaty with the SENECA Indians is concluded today on Buffalo
Creek, in Ontario County, New York. All SENECA lands in Ontario
County are ceded to the "Holland Land Company",
and they will be given new lands on Lake Erie. Nineteen Indians
will sign the treaty. A 2nd treaty is also signed today with
the SENECAs. They will receive $1200 for what is called "Little
Beard's Reservation." John Taylor, and 12 Indians will
sign this document.
|
|
|
July
1, 1520:
|
According
to many sources, Hernán Cortés and his followers
will attempt to escape from Tenochtitlán (modern Mexico
City) by way of one of the causeways. They have to fight their
way through large numbers of Aztec warriors. Thousands of
people are killed on both sides. Many of the Spanish soldiers
carried so much looted gold that when they fell in the lake,
they drowned. This event is often called "Noche Triste"
(Night of Tears or Sorrows).
|
|
|
July
2, 1754:
|
According
to some reports, a peace agreement is reached by representatives
of the British in Massachusetts and the Norridgewock Indians.
|
|
|
|
|
