Jan.
24, 1806:
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Today,
CHEROKEE Chief Doublehead, and 16 others, sign a land cession
treaty in Washington. They give up lands on the north side
of the Tennessee River and near CHICKASAW lands for a little
over $10,000 and a cotton gin and a gristmill. The Chief Do
not represent the CHEROKEEs. When the rest of the tribe hears
of the treaty, it will be repudiated, at once. Doublehead
will be killed for making the agreement.
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Jan.
25, 1856:
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The
second half of the QUINAULT and QUILEUTE treaty will be signed
at Olympia, Washington today. The first half was signed on
July 1, 1855.
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Jan.
26, 1875:
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As
many as 40 "Mexican Indians-cattle thieves" allegedly
attack a corporal, and 4 soldiers from troop G, ninth cavalry,
18 miles from Ringgold Barracks, Texas. Two of the troopers
are killed in the attack. Col.Edward Hatch, and troops B,
and G, 9th Cavalry, capture several of the suspects. A coroner's
jury will find 9 "Mexicans" guilty of murdering
the troopers.
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Battle
of Autossee - November 29, 1813
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Jan.
27, 1814:
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Today,
in modern day Macon County Alabama, American forces of almost
1,000 militia and Indians will be camped on Callabee Creek
near the scene of the battle of Autossee, last November. Red
Stick CREEKs will attack their encampment. The Georgia militia
and the "friendly" Indians will have 22 killed and
almost 150 wounded. The Red Sticks will suffer as well, but
they will force the American expedition to leave the area.
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Jan.
28, 1833:
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Today,
a CHEROKEE commission of John Ross, John Baldridge, Richard
Taylor, and Joseph Vann, address the Secretary of War in Washington,
D.C.. They again state their unwillingness to negotiate with
the federal government about removal, while the federal government
is not living up to its previous agreements to protect them
from the illegal actions of the State of Georgia. The CHEROKEEs
are told their only hope is for removal. During subsequent
discussions, President Jackson offers the eastern CHEROKEEs
3 million dollars for all of the lands east of the Mississippi
River, excluding North Carolina. John Ross asks the President
how he will be able to protect the CHEROKEEs in Indian Territory,
if he cannot protect them from Georgia. The commission feels
that the gold mines on CHEROKEE lands are worth more than
the President's offer.
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Jan.
29, 1675:
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Today,
John Sassamon will be found under the ice of Assawompsett
Pond, 15 miles from the Plymouth. A Christian Indian, and
educated at Harvard, Sassamon had recently left living with
the whites to become Philip's aide. He would the leave Philip,
return to the colony as a preacher for the local Indians.
He would tell the colony of Philip's plans to attack, but
he would not be believed. After his body was found, witnesses
would testify in court that 3 WAMPANOAGs murdered Sassamon.
Some time later, 1 of the 3 would confess on the gallows,
after his rope broke while being hanged. He would be hanged
anyway. This episode, was the spark Philip needed for his
war.
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Osceola,
the Great Seminole Chief
by Robert John Curtis, 1838
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Jan.
30, 1873:
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SEMINOLE
Chief Osceola dies today at Fort Moultrie, in Charleston,
South Carolina. It is believe he has some sort of throat disease,
others will say malaria, other say of a broken heart.
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Jan.
31, 1870:
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The
first acts are taken to establish the White Mountain-San Carlos-Camp
Apache Reserve in western Arizona territory, by the Military
Division of the Pacific. Major engineer H.M.Robert forwards
a map of the proposed reserve to military headquarters in
San Francisco for consideration.
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Feb.
1 , 1917:
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By
Executive Order, today, the PAPAGO Indian Reservation in established
in Arizona. The act will be amended on February 21, 1931,
and on October 28, 1932.
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Comanche
code-talkers of the 4th Signal Company
(U.S. Army Signal Center and Ft. Gordon)
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Feb.
2, 1887:
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A
law is passed which will prohibit the use of Indian languages
in schools.
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Feb.
3, 1847:
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General
Sterling Price reaches the fortified TAOS Pueblo. Cannonade
proves unfruitful, so Price retreats to the city of Taos.
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Feb.
4, 1861:
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John
Ward's step-son Feliz Tellez is kidnapped by Indians from
his rancho on Sonoita Creek in Arizona. Ward complains to
the army, and they send Second Lt.George Bascom, and 54 soldiers
to find him. Today, CHIRICAHUA APACHE Chief Cochise is invited
to talk with Bascom in Apache Pass, in southwestern Arizona.
Cochise brings some family with him to the parlay in Bascom's
tent. Cochise is shocked when Bascom accuses him of kidnapping
the boy. Cochise denies his involvement, but Bascom does not
believe him. Bascom then tells Cochise he is under arrest.
Cochise cuts a hole in the tent, and escapes. Bascom will
keep Cochise's relatives as hostages. Cochise will quickly
seize several whites has hostages, as well.
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Feb.
5, 1802:
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Orono
was a PENOBSCOT Chief. During his life he was converted to
catholicism, he fought in the French and Indian wars against
the British settlements in New England, he fought on the American
side during the Revolutionary War, and he is believed to have
been 108 years old when he died on this date.
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Feb.
6, 1793:
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After
William Blount gained the promise of CHICKAMAUGA Chiefs to
stop their raids and murdering of European settlers on May
29, 1792, the rampages continued. Today, Blount returns to
the CHICKAMAUGAs at Coyatee with the same request and an offer
for the Principal Chiefs to visit the "great white father"
at Philadelphia. The Chiefs will consider the offer, but within
the next few months the village will be attacked by Europeans.
This will harden the CHICKAMAUGAs, and some of their CHEROKEE
neighbors, hearts. The attacks will eventually continue.
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