Canku Ota

(Many Paths)

An Online Newsletter Celebrating Native America

March 22, 2003 - Issue 83

This Date In

North American Indian History

from On This Date in North American Indian History at http://americanindian.net

Massasoit, Quadequina, Samoset (a PEMAQUID), Squanto, and 60 warriors visit the Plymouth colony with great ceremony. They will freely give lands to the pilgrims. According to some calendars, this will happen on April 2nd.

President Harrison says part of Oklahoma will be opened to the public.

Three Dozen SIOUX make off with 30 horses belonging to CROW Indian scouts, at Fort Custer, in south-central Montana. Captain John Mix, and 44 soldiers from Troop C, Second Cavalry, cover 65 miles in 11 hours to catch the SIOUX. During a skirmish, 16 of the stolen horses are recovered.

Neherooka Fort Battle Site Map

European and Indian forces under general James Moore, son of South Carolina Governor James Moore, have been attacking the TUSCARORA fort of Nohoroco, North Carolina, for several days. Today, they will finally capture the fort. During the fighting, 192 TUSCARORAs will be killed, and almost 400 will be taken prisoner. After this defeat, the TUSCARORAs will not be a significant force in North Carolina.

Today, on the Mississippi River, la Salle first meets the NATCHEZ Indians. This will be the first recorded meeting of Europeans with the NATCHEZ. Fellow explorer Henri de Tonti will be the first to meet them.

East of modern-day Alexander City, Alabama, Andrew Jackson, and 2000 whites, CHEROKEEs, CHOCTAWs and "White Stick" CREEKs, discover a fort built at the village of Tohopeka on a Horseshoe Bend in the Tallapoosa River, by "Red Stick" CREEKs. The Red Sticks are anti-white, the White Stick CREEKs are pro-white. Today, Jackson will attack the 800 to 1,000 Red Sticks, led by Chief Menewa. The CREEK village and defenses covered approximately 100 acres on the peninsula made by the bend in the river. To cross the river, Jackson's CHEROKEE allies, led by Chief Junaluska, will swim the river to steal CREEK canoes. Jackson's forces would eventually set fire to the Red Sticks' wooden barricade. In the end, only about 50 of the Red Sticks will survive the battle. Jackson's forces will lose 49 soldiers and 23 warriors killed, and 157 soldiers and 47 warriors wounded. Jackson's forces would capture approximately 300 women and children. The Red Stick leader William Weatherford was not at the battle. Weatherford would turn himself in later. This defeat would lead to the Treaty of Horseshoe Bend signed on August 9, 1814, whereby the CREEKs gave up 23 million acres of land to the United States.

This sculpture, and three others just like it, greet visitors at  the four entrances to the Blackfeet Indian Reservation.  The Blackfeet Warriors were designed and sculpted by artist Jay Laber, an art instructor at Salish/Kootenai Community College in Pablo, MT.

A court rules today that Montana State Courts "are without jurisdiction to try an Indian for the crime of larceny committed somewhere within the external boundaries of the BLACKFEET Indian Reservation, although conceivably the offense could have been committed within the town of Browning, Montana located on the reservation."

After fighting the Americans for almost 25 years, today one of the last of the SEMINOLE leaders, Billy Bowlegs, will be surrender with 163 of his followers. They will be shipped west.

The MOHAWK treaty is signed at Albany today by 5 Indians, including Joseph Brandt. All of their lands in New York are ceded for $1000.

In Arizona, parts of the White Mountain - San Carlos Reservationrtain will be restored to public domain.

After being shipwrecked in Galveston, Texas, Cabeza de Vaca and a few men march across the continent to California. They will be the first "white men" to visit many Indian tribes. Today, Cabeza de Vaca will reach "civilization" again at San Miguel in New Galicia.

Wind River Mountains, Wyoming

Apr. 2, 1975:

A 3 day National Conference on Indian Water Rights is convened today in Washington,D.C. Representatives from almost 200 tribes will attend the meeting.

Apr. 3, 1861:

White settlers have started moving onto SIOUX lands, near New Ulm, Minnesota. In an effort to improve their illegal standing, today, they petition President Lincoln for protection against the Indians.

Apr. 4, 1840:

Today, COMANCHE Chief Piava arranges an exchange of 2 prisoners with the residents of San Antonio. Two captives from each side are released.

For Information on This Date in Canada visit our friends at:

Canadian Aboriginal News
http://www.canadianaboriginal.com

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